Introduction to hacking

  Introduction              -----> Base64 encoding is used to c onvert binary data into a text-like format that allows it to be transported in environments that can handle only text safely.               -----> Base64 is sometimes also refered to as PEM , which stands for Privacy-enhanced Electronic Mail . There, Base64 was used to create printable text again after binary e-mail data that was generated during the e-mail encryption process.   How it works               Base64 encoding takes the original binary data and operates on it by dividing it into tokens of three bytes . A byte consists of eight bits, so Base64 takes 24bits in total. These 3 bytes are then converted into four printable characters from the ASCII standard.  The first step is to take the three bytes (24bit) of binary data and split it into f our numbers of six bits . Because the ASCII standard defines the use of seven bits, Base64 only uses 6 bits (corresponding to 2^6 = 64 characters) to ensur